Verify SHA256 checksums
After downloading an ISO, compare its SHA256 checksum with the checksum published by the official Linux distribution. On Linux you can usually run sha256sum file.iso.
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Calculate SHA-256, SHA-512 or SHA-1 locally and compare it with the official Linux ISO checksum.
Quick guides for downloading, verifying and installing Linux ISO images safely. These notes help beginners choose the right image and avoid common installation mistakes.
After downloading an ISO, compare its SHA256 checksum with the checksum published by the official Linux distribution. On Linux you can usually run sha256sum file.iso.
Use a trusted USB writer such as Ventoy, Rufus, balenaEtcher or Fedora Media Writer. Always select the downloaded ISO and verify that the target USB drive is correct.
An ISO is the standard installer image. A torrent can be faster and easier to resume. A netinstall image is smaller, but downloads packages during installation.
Most modern PCs use UEFI and 64-bit images. The labels x86_64 and amd64 usually mean the same 64-bit PC architecture.